Several covering layers are included in the surface structure of the soccer balls and they are not made of natural leather as it may appear at first sight but rather from synthetic materials that keep the balls lightweight even when it’s damp outside. Synthetic leather is the most commonly used, being made of poly vinyl chloride or PVC and polyurethane. Even the varieties of artificial leather remain a mystery to most soccer fans, because these patterns too, come in great number of varieties.

The specific features in the exterior cover of soccer balls consist of several segments known as panels. A soccer ball can be made of 16, 26 or 32 panels, with the latest being the official variant for most leagues and championships. Yet, the others are encountered with some leagues in Scotland and England. Soccer balls create nearly perfect spheres once the panels are sewn together and inflated.

A special material called the lining is used between the internal bladder that holds the air and the outer covering. Laminated cotton or polyester are normally used for the intermediary layer, and they play an important part in the bouncing and strength features of the ball. In the professional design of soccer balls, up to five different linings can be used, although practice balls include fewer linings.

Differences of material do exist in the structure of the bladders as well. Soccer balls can be made either from butyl or latex. While the surface tension brought by latex or natural rubber is unparalleled, the tiny pores allow deflation over a certain period of time.

In order to keep the ball practical, you’ll have to re-inflate it at least once a week. Butyl soccer balls on the other hand have an excellent air retention capacity and rely on valves for this process.

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At the end of the manufacturing process, match soccer balls have to go a series of testing that are necessary for approval to be used in official games. FIFA for instance approves match soccer balls and imprints the approval logo on the ball surface. Match soccer balls are designed to include at least five distinct layers of materials under the covering. Given the high production costs, the manufacturing of match soccer balls is not possible for any soccer gear manufacturer. The The production and testing parameters, the design and the materials therefore have to be the highest. Match soccer balls should be exceptional in terms of performance!

Besides the incredible quality of the materials, there are some other features that need to get approval when it comes to the design of match soccer balls. The materials have to be suitable for the design; then, they need to have a certain water absorption rate, insure a good bounce and contribute to the velocity of the item. Other strictly controlled parameters are the trajectory, the shape and the balance of the ball. The official shape, size and weight thus represent the main guidelines to stick to. Although highly expensive, match soccer balls are less costly than the internationally approved items.

Anyone can use match soccer balls to have fun with: these items are not a prerogative of professional players, as there are no limitations in terms of background, field or group age. The difference from the rest of the practice balls comes from the reliability of the creative concept doubled by a perfect performance range. Even for an amateur, the difference between a simple practice soccer ball and a match soccer ball will be obvious. As for the major manufacturers, almost all the large soccer gear producers have lines of match soccer balls developed and adapted to suit the players needs.

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Early soccer ball history starts before the birth of Christ. It is known that people have liked kicking either a ball or something similar to one, since the beginnings of times. South American Indians were among the first to use a form of elastic ball that pre-dated the use of rubber, discovered a thousand years later. The early soccer balls were made of very peculiar materials from human and animal skulls to cow or pig bladders and stitched up cloth. Between 255 BC and 220 AD, the Chinese played ‘tsu chu’ using animal-skin balls dribbled through gaps in a net stretched between two poles. Ancient Greeks and Romans also had a game which involved carrying and kicking a ball, whereas in certain ancient Egyptian rites are said to have had similarities with soccer.

Pre-medieval and medieval legends and stories that can be qualified as part of the soccer ball history, also mention the use of animal bladders or skulls to play games similar to modern soccer. An instance of the use of an animal bladder ball is presented in the legend about the ‘game’ between two villages. An entire village ran and kicked a ball with the purpose of getting it into the other village’s square. The other villagers will make similar attempts. Inflated animal bladders seem to dominate this part of the soccer ball history. They used to inflate them and then try to keep the ‘ball’ in the air by using their hands or feet. In time people noticed that covering the bladder with leather would maintain the shape better and longer.

The soccer ball history of the 1800s was marked by the 1836 patenting of vulcanized rubber by Charles Goodyear. In 1855 the same Charles Goodyear designed and then built the first vulcanized rubber soccer balls. In 1862 H.J. Lindon developed one of the first inflatable bladders for soccer balls. He is also credited to have invented the rugby ball; however he did not patent the idea for it as, in those days, the round ball was preferred for being more easily used. By the 1900s the soccer ball history had entered on a different path, bringing these entertainment objects a lot closer to what they are today.

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